What is the deepest ocean trench in the world?

The Mariana Trench, located in the western Pacific Ocean, is the deepest ocean trench in the world. Its deepest point, known as Challenger Deep, reaches about 10,984 metres (36,037 feet) below sea level. The trench is formed by the subduction of the Pacific Plate beneath the smaller Mariana Plate. The extreme pressure, low temperatures, and lack of light create a unique and challenging environment for life. However, specialised organisms like amphipods and certain bacteria thrive in these depths. The trench has been explored by advanced submersibles, such as the Trieste and the Deepsea Challenger, contributing to our understanding of the deep ocean.