What causes caves to form?

Caves form through various geological processes, with limestone caves being the most common. Rainwater, which becomes slightly acidic after absorbing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, dissolves the limestone over time, creating hollow spaces. Volcanic caves, on the other hand, form when lava cools on the surface while molten lava continues to flow beneath. Other caves are carved by glaciers or ocean waves. These natural processes result in stunning underground formations like stalactites and stalagmites.