What causes the different seasons on Earth?

The different seasons on Earth are caused by the tilt of the Earth’s axis relative to its orbit around the Sun. Earth’s axis is tilted at an angle of about 23.5 degrees, which means that as the planet orbits the Sun, different parts of Earth receive varying amounts of sunlight throughout the year. When the Northern Hemisphere is tilted toward the Sun, it experiences summer, while the Southern Hemisphere experiences winter. The reverse occurs when the Southern Hemisphere is tilted toward the Sun, causing their summer and the Northern Hemisphere’s winter. Spring and autumn occur during the equinoxes, when both hemispheres receive equal sunlight.