What causes tsunamis?

Tsunamis are caused by the sudden displacement of water, often due to underwater earthquakes along tectonic plate boundaries. Other causes include volcanic eruptions, landslides, or even asteroid impacts. The displacement creates waves that travel across the ocean at high speeds, sometimes exceeding 800 kilometres per hour (500 miles per hour). As these waves approach shallow coastal areas, they increase in height, causing devastating flooding and damage. Early warning systems and evacuation plans are crucial for minimising the impact of tsunamis on coastal communities.