What causes sinkholes to collapse?

Sinkholes collapse when underground cavities, formed by the dissolution of soluble rocks like limestone, can no longer support the weight of the overlying ground. Heavy rainfall, groundwater extraction, or construction can trigger the collapse by destabilising the cavity. The sudden appearance of sinkholes can be catastrophic, particularly in areas with extensive underground voids. These phenomena highlight the importance of monitoring land use and water management in vulnerable regions.