What causes the Earth’s seasons?

The Earth’s seasons are caused by its axial tilt and its orbit around the Sun. The Earth is tilted at an angle of about 23.5 degrees, and as it orbits the Sun, different parts of the planet receive varying amounts of sunlight throughout the year. When the Northern Hemisphere is tilted toward the Sun, it experiences summer, while the Southern Hemisphere experiences winter. Six months later, when the Southern Hemisphere is tilted toward the Sun, the situation reverses, and the Northern Hemisphere experiences winter. Spring and autumn occur during the equinoxes when both hemispheres receive equal amounts of sunlight.