What is the function of the kidneys?

The kidneys are vital organs responsible for filtering blood and removing waste products and excess fluids from the body. They produce urine, which carries these wastes out of the body. The kidneys also regulate electrolyte balance, blood pressure, and red blood cell production through the release of hormones like erythropoietin. Each kidney contains millions of tiny filtering units called nephrons, which work continuously to maintain homeostasis. Proper hydration and a healthy diet are essential for kidney function, as damage to these organs can lead to serious health conditions like chronic kidney disease.