How do birds migrate over long distances?

Birds migrate over long distances using a combination of innate navigational abilities and environmental cues. They use the Sun, stars, and Earth’s magnetic field to guide them on their journey. During migration, birds rely on their keen sense of sight and orientation to navigate accurately. Some species, such as the Arctic Tern, migrate thousands of miles between breeding and feeding grounds. Additionally, many birds follow wind patterns to conserve energy, and some species use landmarks like rivers and mountain ranges to stay on track.