What is the role of plate tectonics in shaping Earth’s surface?

Plate tectonics is the theory that Earth’s outer shell, the lithosphere, is divided into large, rigid plates that float on the semi-fluid asthenosphere beneath. These plates move due to the heat-driven forces from Earth’s interior. The movement of these plates causes the formation of mountains, earthquakes, and volcanic activity. When plates collide, they can create mountain ranges, while diverging plates can lead to the formation of new ocean basins. Plate tectonics is responsible for much of Earth’s geological activity and the shaping of its surface over millions of years.