How do plants adapt to dry environments?

Plants that live in dry environments, such as deserts, have developed several adaptations to conserve water and survive in arid conditions. Many of these plants have deep roots that can access underground water sources, while others have shallow roots that spread out to capture any available moisture from rainfall. Some desert plants, like cacti, store water in their stems, allowing them to survive during long dry spells. Additionally, many desert plants have thick, waxy coatings on their leaves to prevent water loss and may only open their stomata at night to minimize water evaporation.