How do penguins stay balanced while walking?

Penguins have a unique way of staying balanced while walking, due to their upright posture and special adaptations in their legs and feet. Their bodies are built to be top-heavy with a dense, compact structure that helps them maintain balance. Their short legs and webbed feet are well-suited for both walking and swimming. Penguins also waddle while walking, using side-to-side movements to distribute their weight evenly. This gait allows them to move efficiently across icy surfaces, and when on land, they often slide on their bellies to move faster.