How do frogs breathe underwater?

Frogs breathe underwater through their skin, which absorbs oxygen directly from the water. This process, called cutaneous respiration, is efficient because their skin is thin and well-vascularised. Frogs rely on this method more when submerged, as their lungs are less active in water. To maintain this ability, frogs keep their skin moist by staying near water or secreting mucus. This adaptation allows them to thrive in aquatic environments and during hibernation in oxygen-rich water.