How do penguins keep their eggs warm in freezing temperatures?

Penguins keep their eggs warm in freezing temperatures by using a combination of physical and behavioural adaptations. Male emperor penguins incubate the eggs on their feet under a special brood pouch, which is a fold of skin that provides extra warmth. During the harsh Antarctic winter, penguins huddle together in large groups to conserve heat, protecting each other from the cold winds. The male penguin will fast while incubating the egg, relying on stored body fat to survive.