Why do penguins live in cold climates?

Penguins are adapted to live in cold climates due to their thick layers of blubber and dense feathers, which provide insulation against freezing temperatures. Species like the Emperor Penguin thrive in Antarctic conditions, where temperatures can drop below -50°C (-58°F). Their streamlined bodies and flippers are adapted for swimming, helping them catch fish and krill in icy waters. Penguins also huddle together in large groups to conserve heat during extreme weather. While most penguin species live in the Southern Hemisphere, some, like the Galápagos Penguin, can be found in warmer regions near the equator.