What is the role of fungi in ecosystems?

Fungi play a crucial role in ecosystems by decomposing organic matter and recycling nutrients into the soil. They break down complex materials, such as dead plants, animals, and wood, into simpler compounds that other organisms can use. Mycorrhizal fungi form symbiotic relationships with plant roots, enhancing water and nutrient absorption while receiving carbohydrates in return. Fungi also help control populations of pests and other microorganisms. Without fungi, ecosystems would accumulate organic debris and lack essential nutrients, disrupting the balance of life.