How do honeybees regulate the temperature of their hive?

Honeybees regulate the temperature of their hive to maintain an optimal environment for brood development. During cold weather, they cluster together and generate heat by vibrating their flight muscles. In hot weather, they fan their wings to circulate air and reduce heat. Bees also collect water and spread it around the hive, where it evaporates and cools the interior. This collective effort ensures the hive remains between 32°C and 35°C, critical for their survival.